Power plant



L.v l. KELLY. 'POWER PLANT.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 25,1911.

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L. l. KELLY. POWER PLANT.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 25.1917..

1,390,562. PnwdSept- 13,1921.

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L.O|.AKELLY. POWER PLANT.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 2511917.

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L. l. KELLY.

POWER PLANT.

APPLICATION "man luLY 25,1911.

1,390,562. Patend'sept. 13,1921...v

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L. l. KELLY.

POWER PLANT. APPLICATION FILED JULI/25.1917.

Patented Sept. 13, 1921.

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Lne I. KELLY, oF DETROIT.' iuiemeniy.

rownn PLANT.

To all 'wh-om t 'may concern:

Be it known that I, Liao I. KELLY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented a certain new and useful mprovement in Power Plants, and declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to power plants and a special object ofmy improvements. is to provide an efficient power plant for generating and using steam especially adapted for use upon automobiles. v

In the accompanying. drawings:

Figure 1 is'a side elevation of a power plant embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation partly in section in the plane indicatedby the line 2--2 Fig. 1.

Fig. .3 is a part elevation in longitudinal section on'the line C-C Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an end elevation partly in section on the line D-D Fig. 1.

Fi 51is a4 side elevation partly on the line -E Figs. 2 and 9.'

Fig. G is a detail elevation showing one of the generators. y A

Fig. 7 is an elevation looking from` the riht of Fig. 6.

ig. 8 is a plan view of the generator shown in Figs. 6 and 7. f

Fig. 9 is apart end view of the generator and engine, the casing being sectioned on the line I-I Fig. 1.

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the automatic mechanism for controlling the feed tothe generators.

Fig. 11 isr a sectional plan view of the condenser taken on the line K-K Fig. 1.y

Fig. 12 lis a detail sectional view of the throttle valve.

a indicates the cylinders of the engine which in this instance are two in. number, arranged vertically and side by s1de. c c? are the generators or boilers. fb indicates the casing inclosing the cylinders a and generators c 02. d indicates burners for vaporizingthe water in the generators c c2. These burners are also located within the casing b. y

It is t'o be observed that the cylinders 'a are inclosed directly within the same casl Specification of Letters Patent. Pfatentiel Sept,l 13, 1,921.

Application led July 25,

1917. Serial N0. 182,622.

subjected directly ork indirectly to thegases heated by said burners. In order to prevent the cylinders from being heated totoohigh a` temperature I provide them Vwith a heat ing b, as are the burners d, and are therefore obstructingcover which may be a partial heat insulating-material; asfsh'own surroundingv said cylinders.` This insulating material may-also cover thefcasing b to prevent the escape of heat.

`The casing b is extended upon ea-ch f of the cylinders a in twolateral chambers b2 and b3 in which the burners and generators'o'r boilers c c2 are located. The prod-v ucts of combustion are carried olif-.from the interior of the casing b by a flue b4 leading from the back of said casing` intermediate its sides.

The generators c 02 are of the tubular kind,` each of the sections thereof consisting of horizontal manifolds 07 and 08 united-by tubes c3, welded to said manifolds, through which tubes pass smaller tubes ct'which open through the walls of the manifoldsk c7 and cs, so that the hot gases lmay pass through said smaller tubes to assist in the heating of the water between lthe tubes 03 and c4. c5 indicates the feed pipefor steam leading to the throttle valve apparatuse, which I prefer to make of the *Y construction shown in Fig. 12 in which there is an operating valve stem clzadapted to open and close Y of pipes, each of which is bent into a number of coils in a single plane as shown, to which the water isfed and froinwhich it passes to the `supply pipes p and thence to the generatorsas above described. There are a number of such pipes placed side by side in parallel planes, each of said pipes is welded at one end to receiving manifold q2 '(Fig. 5) and at the `other end to a delivery manifold to which latter is connecmv 'ed by a union joint (Fig. 9)V to each of the iio v manifolds p. p4 is a` shut-off valveby.

which one ofthe generators may be isolated.

h is a supply tank for containing waterl to feed to thegenerator. z' is a connecting pipe leading from the tank h to the economizer g. j is a feed pump interposedin the pipe and acting to draw water from the tank z, and force it toward the economizerA g.

le is a casing with which the pipe z' leading Vfrom-the pump-y' communicates at its lower end. o is a return pipe communicating'with the upper part of the casing lo and with thepipe g leading to the tank h. There is a valve and valve seat s interposed in the casing'k` between the pipes and 0. r is a pipe leading to the economizer g. This pipe leads from the casing f:

below the valve and seat s and is provided with a non-return valve r2 opening toward the economizer.

m is an inclosed casing communicating by a pipe t with the generator or boiler at thev level ofthe water therein. Inthe casing misa thermostat indicated as an inclosed mercury chamber m2 with a flexible wall. This thermostat communicates by a transmission mechanism m3 of conventional type withthe valve s. Any proper thermostat may'beused, the form shown is merelyy illustrative and is intended merely to indicate the location and connection of such an apparatus.

The operation of the feed' mechanism is as follows:

The pump j is continuously operating. When steam enters the casing m and consequently the. temperature of the thermostat is high, the valve s is brought against its seat so as to shut off communication between the pipes z' and v. Under these conditions the pump y' forces the water into the casing and through the pipe o to the economizer and boiler or generator.

1When the water has risen above the pipe t it runs into the casing m and the temperature of the casing falls 4opening the lvalve s whereupon the water forced into the casing Z0 by the pump y' passes through the pipe o and is returned to vthe tank h. Thus the level of the water in the generator is automatically mainy tained the Vpipe at containing the exhaust steam and water. Water of condensation is returned by the pipe g to the tank z, and again used.

The gases surrounding the cylinders will be always hotter than the steam passinginto and through the same and theV insulation should be so adapted that it will present the proper heat gradient so that the interior walls of the cylinders will be under usual working conditions always a little hotter than'the steam and the steam will carry off the heat furnished by the walls of the cylinders as fast as the heat passes through the walls and insulation.

Byl this arrangement cylinder condensation is entirely obviated, the interior walls of the cylinder do not become too hot-for the lubricant.

1 Tt will be observed that the cylinder is entirely inclosed in the casing. Y

Each of the generators and the economiaers presents a unitary structure and each is secured in place by three points of suspension, the generator by the unions v20 by which they are connected to the manifold p2 and by the union in the steam supply pipe c5 (Figs. 7 and 6). The economizer 1s connected by two unionsp6 and by the supplypipe 'l' engaging the wall. of the casing.

The exhaust steam of the engine is led up through the current of cooling air to the radiator and in the radiator down through the current of cooling air. By this construe-- tion the Vexhaust steam is passed twice through this current of cooling air.

The feed of the water does notV depend upon an overflow but by the direct delivery of a forced pump atv-the plane of the water level.

The above described insulation upon; the

cylinders will be such that from the'time of applying heat to the time the maximum boiler pressure is reached the cylinders will not heat to a temperature above that of the steam at such maximum pressure.V

What l claim is:

1. In aA power plant, the combination of a steam cylinder having an interior wall adapted to form a bearing surface for a piston, a power receiving and imparting piston adapted to reciprocate insaid cylinder bearing against said surface, means for supplying Y steam to said cylinder toimpart power to said piston and exhausting the same from said cylinder, means for applying a high temperature to the exterior wallof said cylinder opposite and adjacent to said bearing surface, and heat insulating -means interposed between said source of high temperature and said bearing surface, the quality of said insulator by which the iiow of heat is obstructed being such that the heat shall be supplied through the wall of the cylinder to the interior surface thereof at the rate steam cylinder having an interior wall adapted to form a bearing surface for a piston, a power receiving and imparting piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder bearing Y against said surface, means for supplying steam to said cylinder to impart power to said piston and exhausting the same from said cylinder, means for applying a high temperture to the exterior wall of said cylinder opposite and adjacent to said bearing surface, and heat insulating means interposed between said source of high temperaturc and said bearing surface, the quality of said insulator by which the flow of heat is obstructed being such that the heat shall be supplied through the wall of the cylinder to the interior surface thereof at the rate that the heat is withdrawn from said interior surface in the normal working of the engine, said insulator being in the form of a covering applied directl to the outer wall of said cylinder and there ore forming a part of the composite wall of said cylinder.

3. In a power plant, the combination of a steam cylinder, a power receiving and imparting piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder, means for supplying steam to said cylinder and exhausting the same therefrom to impart power to said piston, means for applying a, high temperature to the exterior wall of said cylinder, and a heat insulator so located and constructed that the heat flow through the walll of said cylinder shall be at the rate that heat is withdrawn from the interior wall of said cylinder in the normal operation of the engine.

4. In a power plant, the combinationk of a steam cylinder, a power receiving and imparting piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder, means for Supplying steam to said cylinder and exhausting the same therefrom to' impart power to said piston, means for applying a high temperature to the exterior wall of said cylinder, and a heat insulator so located and constructedthat the heat flow through the wall of said cylinder shall be at the rate that heat is withdrawn from the interior wall of said cylinder in the normal operation of the engine, said insulator being in the form of a covering applied tothe exterior wall of said cylinder and thereforel LEO I. KELLY. 

